As president, Bush was able to influence research in the U.S. World War II periodĭuring 1939 Bush accepted a prestigious appointment as president of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, which awarded large sums annually for research. Harwood to found the American Institute for Economic Research as an independent, scientific research institute. This post included many of the powers and functions subsumed by the Provost when MIT introduced this post during 1949 including some appointments of lecturers to specific posts. In June 1940 he convinced Franklin Delano Roosevelt to give him funding and political support to create a new kind of collaborative relationship between military, industry, and academic researchers-without congressional, or nearly any other, oversight. An offshoot of the work at MIT was the beginning of digital circuit design theory by one of Bush's graduate students, Claude Shannon.īush was vice-president and dean of engineering at MIT from 1932 to 1938. Starting in 1927, Bush constructed a Differential Analyser, an analog computer that could solve differential equations with as many as 18 independent variables. The company, renamed Raytheon, became a large electronics company and defense contractor. Smith which made possible the operation of radios from the power line without batteries. This was a gaseous rectifier invented by C. Marshall, set up the American Appliance Company to market a device called the S-tube. He joined the Department of Electrical Engineering at MIT in 1919 and was a professor there from 1923–32.ĭuring 1922, Bush and his college roommate, Laurence K. He received a doctorate in engineering from MIT and Harvard University, jointly, in 1917-after a dispute with his adviser Arthur Edwin Kennelly, who tried to demand more work from Bush.ĭuring World War I he worked with the National Research Council with about six thousand leading American scientists in the application of science to warfare (such as developing submarines, trip hammers, and better microscopes). During August 1916 he married Phoebe Davis, whom he had known since Tufts, in Chelsea, Massachusetts. Spurred by the need for enough financial security to marry, Bush finished his thesis in less than a year. After a summer working as an electrical inspector and a brief stint at Clark University as a doctoral student of Arthur Gordon Webster, Bush entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) electrical engineering program. From mid-1913 to October 1914, Bush worked at General Electric (where he was a supervising "test man") during the 1914-1915 academic year, Bush taught mathematics at Jackson College (the partner school of Tufts). He was educated at Tufts College, graduating in 1913.
Vannevar Bush was born in Everett, Massachusetts. "His vision of how technology could lead toward understanding and away from destruction was a primary inspiration for the postwar research that led to the development of New Media." Life and work Seeing later developments in the Cold War arms race, Bush became troubled. Bush was a proponent of democratic technocracy and of the centrality of technological innovation and entrepreneurship for both economic and geopolitical security.
As Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, Bush coordinated the activities of some six-thousand leading American scientists in the application of science to warfare.īush was a well-known policymaker and public intellectual during World War II and the ensuing Cold War, and was in effect the first presidential science advisor. More specifically, the memex worked as a memory bank to organize and retrieve data.
Vannevar Bush ( /væˈniːvɑr/ van-nee-var Ma– June 28, 1974) was an American engineer and science administrator known for his work on analog computing, his political role in the development of the atomic bomb as a primary organizer of the Manhattan Project, the founding of Raytheon, and the idea of the memex, an adjustable microfilm viewer which is somewhat analogous to the structure of the World Wide Web.
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